Muller btc oc

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The fact that most ovarian cancers are diagnosed at advanced stage with widespread peritoneal dissemination is the primary reason for their high mortality, and a persistent therapeutic challenge [ 1 , 33 ]. EGF-like growth factors have been shown to enhance the invasiveness of ovarian cancer cells by suppressing the expression of E-cadherin [ 27 , 32 , 34 ]. Also a member of this family, BTC has been detected in various human cancers [ 10 — 13 ], where it has been shown to modulate cancer cell growth, invasion and resistance to targeted therapeutics [ 35 — 37 ].

To date, the potential role of BTC in ovarian cancer remains poorly defined. Previous studies by Tanaka et al. These results are in agreement with our findings that BTC treatment promotes ovarian cancer cell motility, and that BTC is associated with reduced disease free survival. Together with previous studies, our results suggest that enhanced BTC signaling may contribute to ovarian cancer progression, though future studies are required to fully characterize its functional roles and molecular determinants.

US20080188677A1 - Mesoporous Metal-Organic Framework - Google Patents

BTC has been shown to induce head-and-neck squamous carcinoma cell invasion by up-regulating MMP9 [ 12 , 36 ]. We now report, for the first time, that BTC induces ovarian cancer migration by down-regulating E-cadherin expression. For example, several groups have demonstrated the pro-proliferative effects of BTC in pancreatic cancer [ 15 , 41 , 42 ]. Moreover, BTC has been implicated in the development of an inflammatory microenvironment in lung cancer [ 43 ].

In addition, BTC has been shown to induce the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle and umbilical vein endothelial cells, indicating a potential role for BTC in angiogenesis [ 44 , 45 ].

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Given that BTC could contribute to poor survival in ovarian cancer, future studies investigating the roles of BTC in ovarian cancer cell invasion, proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis would be of interest. However, several groups have studied the expression and clinical importance of ERBB4 in ovarian tumors [ 47 — 50 ]. Interestingly, mounting evidence suggests that different isoforms of ERBB4 may correlate with different clinical outcomes in ovarian cancer patients [ 51 , 52 ].

Loss of E-cadherin is a key event in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and is associated with poor overall or recurrence-free survival in ovarian cancer [ 22 — 24 ].

We have previously investigated the roles of several E-cadherin transcriptional repressors in mediating the effects of EGF-like growth factors on E-cadherin expression and invasion in ovarian cancer cells [ 27 , 32 , 34 ]. Elevation of Slug, not Snail, is required for the down-regulation of E-cadherin expression which promotes ovarian cancer cell migration. U was obtained from Calbiochem. At least three separate experiments were performed on different cultures and each sample was assayed in triplicate. Cells were lysed in lysis buffer Cell Signaling Technology containing protease inhibitor cocktail Sigma-Aldrich.

Immunoreactive bands were detected with enhanced chemiluminescent or SuperSignal West Femto substrate Pierce. Immunoreactive band intensities were quantified by densitometry, normalized to those of the relevant loading control, and the results are expressed as fold change relative to the respective control. Migration assays were performed in Boyden chambers with minor modifications [ 55 ]. Five microscopic fields were counted per insert, triplicate inserts were used for each individual experiment, and each experiment was repeated at least three times.

National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Journal List Oncotarget v. Published online Apr Leung 1. Peter C. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer. Correspondence to: Peter C. Leung, Email: ac.

Received Oct 26; Accepted Jan This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Associated Data Supplementary Materials oncotargets Abstract Epithelial ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among gynaecological cancers.

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Keywords: betacellulin, ovarian cancer, E-cadherin, cell migration, Slug. Open in a separate window. Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Western blots Cells were lysed in lysis buffer Cell Signaling Technology containing protease inhibitor cocktail Sigma-Aldrich. Transwell migration assays Migration assays were performed in Boyden chambers with minor modifications [ 55 ]. Cancer statistics, CA Cancer J Clin.

Early events in the pathogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol. Signaling through the epidermal growth factor receptor during the development of malignancy. Pharmacol Ther. Gui T, Shen K. The epidermal growth factor receptor as a therapeutic target in epithelial ovarian cancer. Cancer Epidemiol.

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Turkington, Shedden, Neal or Plato probably the best of the last 20 years. Gio, regardless of whatever advantage he had due to prior experience with Super regs.

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Andrew Jordan and Mat Jackson have certainly tried. Turkington certainly deserves those four titles. He really came of age in the works MG in 03 and as he has grown into a complete driver, one who is now held in such high regard. His drives in the WTCC pretty much showed he is a world class driver Flash too has shown himself to be a to be one of the top drivers of the series. Always tries to get the maximum out whatever the situation and that served him well with three titles Of Neal and Plato were up there for a time, but we already saw how good they were in the previous era.

Same with Thommo. And Gio was already a tin top star when he arrived Sutton and AJ both won championships in style and I have been impressed by how much Sutton gives his all, no matter what the situation Tingram is one who should be champion one day and Cammish already has made quite an impact on the series.

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Tordoff, Jackson and O-C I also rate highly in terms of talent. And Chilton, who always has had potential, has really matured as a driver I feel in recent years BTCC has made a great recovery from when it was at a low ebb. He who hesitates is lost! Originally Posted by S griffin. Originally Posted by crmalcolm.


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All times are GMT. The time now is TenTenths Motorsport - Top. All Rights Reserved. Baltic Touring Car Championship. User Name. Biomedical Applications of Metal Organic Frameworks. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters , 1 23 , Langmuir , 26 22 , The Journal of Physical Chemistry C , 44 , The Journal of Physical Chemistry C , 30 , Babarao , M.

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